My understanding is that a powered CO detector must not be connected to a switched circuit. That means that it would be wired directly to a battery and the ABYC specs state that ant feed like that, connected at the battery must be fused near the battery ( within something like 16 inches)
As you are probably aware, auto bilge pumps are wired directly to the batter and have in-line fuses also. Often those fuse holders at screwed to the battery compartment wall close to the battery.
You may see a few of these in-line fuses for various devices that require constant power.
If you need to change your detector, there are models that run on a battery and last 7 years. Even the DC powered models have a limited life. Some folks use less expensive residential models but I can't recommend that option. The environment on a boat is a lot harsher than a bedroom in your home.